On Windows, the emulator uses WinUSB. If your USB device has a kernel driver (like a proprietary scanner driver), Windows locks the device. You must:
You need the emulator process to access the raw USB device. connect usb device to android emulator better
sudo chmod 666 /dev/bus/usb/001/005
(Note: This is temporary. For permanent rules, create a udev rule.) On Windows, the emulator uses WinUSB
A real Android device has a Linux kernel with CONFIG_USB_GADGET and proper host controller drivers. The emulator uses QEMU’s virtual USB controller (usually UHCI or EHCI). Many devices expect an xHCI controller – you can force this with: (Note: This is temporary
emulator -avd MyAVD -qemu -device nec-usb-xhci