Before diving into solutions, it helps to understand the problem.
The Sharp AR-M165 was designed for Windows 98, 2000, XP, and Vista. These older operating systems used a different driver model (the V3 and V4 driver frameworks had not yet matured). Sharp never released an official, signed driver package for Windows 10.
However, the AR-M165 supports two essential printer languages:
For scanning, the machine uses TWAIN over USB or Network (via a optional network card). This is often the hardest part to configure on Windows 10.
NAPS2 is a free, open-source scanning application that bypasses broken manufacturer drivers and speaks directly to the scanner via WIA or TWAIN.
Sharp has removed most legacy drivers from its official support sites, but they are archived on third-party repositories. Be careful: Avoid fake "driver download" sites that bundle malware. Trusted sources include:
The key file names to look for are:
For 64-bit Windows 10:
For 32-bit Windows 10:
If you find the USB driver dance too frustrating, there is a hardware solution. Purchase a USB to Ethernet print server (e.g., from TP-Link, D-Link, or StarTech).
How it works:
Cost: ~$40-60 USD. Benefits: No driver headaches, no host PC required, and it works for printing (scanning still requires USB).
Keep the AR-M165 if:
Retire or repurpose it if:
Success rate for printing: 90% using the HP LaserJet substitute.
If you cannot find the official package, use the Windows built-in driver database (see Part 3).